Thursday, February 8, 2018

Staying "a la mode" in medicine

One of the challenges in medicine includes staying up-to-date on new changes to practice.  Yesterday in Rapid clinic, my preceptor and I reviewed the new 2017 COPD guidelines which illustrated a shift from the FEV1-based classification criteria to one based on severity of symptoms and exacerbations/hospitalizations.  The pharmacologic treatment algorithms have also been altered with new escalation (de-escalation) strategies given that many COPD patients are already on treatment and still have symptoms or exacerbations.  We also reviewed an updated puffer chart which is a resource that is always very helpful to have in clinic.  Medicine is constantly evolving and keeping up with this is essential in order to provide effective patient care.  This can be especially difficult in the ambulatory setting if you are presented with a rarer condition and you have to balance this with seeing your patients in a timely fashion.

Learning in internal medicine encompasses a wide variety of shapes and forms.  It is important to not only find the learning style that works for you (auditory, visual, tactile) but also to explore different learning settings.  In our medical school training, we are exposed to: problem-based learning, virtual problem-based learning (online patient cases), lectures, clinical experiences, bedside teaching, informal teaching with staff/residents, and self-directed learning (SDL).

SDL is a part of adult education in which “an individual is to assume the primary responsibility for planning, initiating, and conducting the learning project.”  (Manning et al., 2007) A study by Sawatsky et al. in 2017 analyzed the Internal Medicine Residency Program at Mayo Clinic and using a focus group, developed a theoretical model for how residents engage in SDL.  Their model suggested that this is the process by which SDL happens: building a knowledge framework, having triggers (external events such as patient cases that stimulate questions), uncovering knowledge (identifying weaknesses), formulating learning objectives, using resources, applying knowledge, and finally evaluating learning.  The paper discussed personal factors that inspire the practice of SDL, such as: motivations, individual characteristics, and changes over time.  An example of the latter is the way in which our questions change as we move through clinical training, something that all trainees can identify with.  They also commented on contextual factors that influence the pursuit of SDL: the need for external guidance, the residency program culture/structure, and the presence of contextual barriers. 

Finding the right information sources for your independent learning depends on several features of the source such as: efficiency, integration with the workflow, familiarity, optimization for the clinical question, and others.  (Cook et al., 2013) This morning before my afternoon hypertension clinic I reviewed the 2017 CHEP guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.  I used the CMA website to access the guidelines (https://www.cma.ca/En/Pages/clinical-practice-guidelines.aspx).  In clinic, when I need to review doses or drug-interactions, I will use UpToDate and for a quick reference, I always have my Pocket Medicine (The Massachussets General Hospital Handbook of Internal Medicine) on me.  To read in more detail outside of the clinical setting, Approach to Internal Medicine and Toronto Notes are my go-to!

I’m curious to see what resources my colleagues like!
SH

Resources:

Sawatsky et al.  (2017).  A model of self-directed learning in internal medicine residency: a qualitative study using grounded theory.  BMC Medical Education, 17(31): https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-017-0869-4.

Manning. (2007).  Self-Directed Learning: A Key Component of Adult Learning Theory. Journal of the Washington Institute of China Studies, 2(2): 104 – 115.


Cook et al. (2013). Features of Effective Medical Knowledge Resources to Support Point of Care Learning: A Focus Group Study.  PLOS ONE, 8(11):  e80318. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080318

No comments:

Post a Comment